【題目】用括號中所給詞的適當(dāng)形式填空,使句子完整、通順。

1Jack wants to be a computer __________ (science) when he grows up.

2At the __________ (begin) of making salad,you need to get some fruit and vegetables.

3Outgoing children will show __________ (they) more than those shy ones at a party.

4I'm sure nothing will be __________ (possible) if you work hard enough.

5Quite a few__________ (travel) are trying to make less pollution on the beach.

【答案】

1scientist

2beginning

3themselves

4impossible

5travelers

【解析】

1句意:杰克長大后想成為一名計算機科學(xué)家。science科學(xué),根據(jù)語境可知填scientist,意思是科學(xué)家。不定冠詞a修飾可數(shù)名詞單數(shù)。故答案為:scientist。

2句意:在做沙拉的開始,你需要一些水果和蔬菜。at the beginning of“……開始;是固定短語。注意begin的現(xiàn)在分詞要雙寫n在加ing形式。故填:beginning。

3句意:在聚會上,外向的孩子比害羞的孩子表現(xiàn)得更多。結(jié)合語境可知,外向的孩子能更好的表現(xiàn)自己,因此用反身代詞;they 是主格代詞,不能做show的賓語,因此應(yīng)該用themselves做賓語。故填:themselves。

4句意:如果你努力工作,我相信沒有什么是不可能的。因為賓語從句的主語是nothing,表示否定,所以后面用possible的反義詞impossible來完成句子。語境是如果你努力工作,我相信沒有什么是不可能的。所以本題的答案填:impossible。

5句意:相當(dāng)多的旅行者正在努力減少海灘上的污染。Quite a few相當(dāng)多,因此后面的名詞用復(fù)數(shù)形式。動詞travel的名詞為traveler,其復(fù)數(shù)為travelers。故答案填:travelers。

本題是已給單詞的語法填空。此類題主要考查學(xué)生對單詞形式變化的掌握程度。單詞形式變化主要有兩種,一是詞的形、數(shù)、式的變化,一是詞的派生變化。在判斷出詞的變化之后還應(yīng)該進一步審題,看是否需要使用復(fù)合的變化形式,這一點是很重要的。

技巧一:名詞形式變化。

名詞的形式變化主要有單數(shù)、復(fù)數(shù)、所有格的變化。

技巧二:動詞形式變化。

動詞的形式變化比較多,有謂語的變化(時態(tài)、語態(tài)),有非謂語的變化(不定式、動名詞、現(xiàn)在分詞、過去分詞)。

技巧三:代詞形式變化。

代詞形式變化通常是與人稱變化有關(guān)的三大類五小類,即人稱代詞(主格和賓格)、物主代詞(形容詞性和名詞性)、反身代詞。另外還有幾個不定代詞的形式變化,如no one/none、other/another等。

技巧四:形容詞、副詞比較級變化。

英語中大部分形容詞和表方式的副詞都有原級、比較級和最高級的變化。構(gòu)成比較級和最高級的方式,或通過加后綴—er—est,或在詞前+more/lessmost/least,且形容詞的最高級還要加the。

技巧五:數(shù)詞形式變化。

數(shù)詞的形式變化包括基數(shù)詞、序數(shù)詞,或加后綴—teen、—ty的變化,甚至還有作分母用的序數(shù)詞的單復(fù)數(shù)形式,以及one/two的特殊變化形式 once/twice。

技巧六:詞的派生。

詞的派生現(xiàn)象在英語單詞中是很常見的,派生現(xiàn)象主要發(fā)生在名詞、動詞、形容詞、副詞四種詞中。這種題型還有可能檢測學(xué)生對詞根、前后綴、派生詞的掌握。

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