【題目】用詞的適當(dāng)形式填空：

【1】Most of the earth’s s_____________ is cover by water.

【2】It’s said that the Great Wall was built ________________(用手).

【3】Passagers _________________(not allow) to smoke on the train.

【4】Careless drive causes many t______________ accidents.

【5】Where will you_________________________ (去度假) this summer?

【6】Parents ______________(invite) to school meeting every month.

【7】You should try to a____________ catching cold.

【8】______________________ (根據(jù)) John, you were in Beijing last week.

【9】No m__________ where you go, you will find the products made in China.

【10】Girl students in some schools are not allowed ____________(have)long hair.

【11】We can watch TV after our homework _________________(finish).

【12】The old ______________________(speak) to politely.

【13】It takes several weeks ____________________(complete) everything.

【14】When the leaves are ready,they are picked by hand and then are sent for ________(process).

【15】This factory developed a new ________________（產(chǎn)品）。

【16】She put an ad in the _____________(當(dāng)?shù)?newspaper to look for her lost child.

【17】English is spoken _____________(wide) in the world.

【18】Tom has a cat. __________(it )name is Mimi.

【19】Test the _____________(熱度) of the water before getting in.

【20】May I use your _________________(剪刀)？

【答案】

【1】 surface

【2】 by hand

【3】 aren’t allowed

【4】 tracffic

【5】 go on vacation

【6】 are invited

【7】 avoid

【8】 According to

【9】 matter

【10】 to have

【11】 is finished

【12】 are spoken

【13】 to complete

【14】 processing

【15】 product

【16】 local

【17】 widely

【18】 Its

【19】 heat

【20】 scissors

【解析】

【1】句意：地球表面的大部分覆蓋著水。根據(jù)句意可知，這里指“地球表面”，故填surface，“表面”，是一個(gè)名詞。

【2】句意：據(jù)說(shuō)長(zhǎng)城是用手修建的。by hand是固定短語(yǔ)，“用手，手工”，在句中作方式狀語(yǔ)。

【3】句意：乘客們不允許在火車(chē)上吸煙。allow允許，是一個(gè)動(dòng)詞。根據(jù)句意可知，主語(yǔ)Passengers和動(dòng)詞構(gòu)成被動(dòng)關(guān)系，應(yīng)使用被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)be+過(guò)去分詞，否定形式在be后加not；且這句話應(yīng)用一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)，故應(yīng)填aren’t allowed。

【4】句意：粗心駕駛導(dǎo)致很多交通事故。根據(jù)句中的…drive可知，這里指“交通事故”，故填traffic，是一個(gè)名詞，意為“交通”。

【5】句意：這個(gè)夏天你將會(huì)去哪里度假。go on vacation是一個(gè)固定短語(yǔ)，“去度假”。根據(jù)句意和空前的will可知，句中使用的是一般將來(lái)時(shí)，故動(dòng)詞用原形。

【6】句意：每個(gè)月家長(zhǎng)們被邀請(qǐng)來(lái)學(xué)校開(kāi)會(huì)。invite邀請(qǐng)，是一個(gè)動(dòng)詞。根據(jù)句意可知，主語(yǔ)Parents和動(dòng)詞構(gòu)成被動(dòng)關(guān)系，應(yīng)使用被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)；再根據(jù)句中的時(shí)間every month可知，應(yīng)用一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)，故應(yīng)填are invited。

【7】句意：你應(yīng)該盡量避免感冒。avoid避免，是一個(gè)動(dòng)詞。句中使用了句型try to do sth.盡量去做某事，故這里填動(dòng)詞原形。

【8】句意：根據(jù)John的說(shuō)法，你們上周在北京。according to 是一個(gè)固定短語(yǔ)，意為“根據(jù)，依據(jù)”，因?yàn)樵诰涫�，第一個(gè)字母注意大寫(xiě)。

【9】句意：不管你去哪里，你都會(huì)發(fā)現(xiàn)中國(guó)制造的產(chǎn)品。matter本意為“事情，毛病”，在這里是用于短語(yǔ)no matte where，表示“不管去哪里”，引導(dǎo)一個(gè)讓步狀語(yǔ)從句。

【10】句意：在一些學(xué)校里，女生們不允許留長(zhǎng)發(fā)。have有，是一個(gè)實(shí)意動(dòng)詞。句中使用了句型be allowed to do sth.被允許做某事，故這里填動(dòng)詞不定式to have。

【11】句意：在我們的家庭作業(yè)被完成之后，我們可以看電視。finish完成，結(jié)束，是一個(gè)動(dòng)詞。根據(jù)句意可知，homework與動(dòng)詞構(gòu)成被動(dòng)關(guān)系，應(yīng)使用被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)，這句話使用的是一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)，主語(yǔ)homework是不可數(shù)名詞，故應(yīng)填is finished。

【12】句意：對(duì)老人說(shuō)話應(yīng)該有禮貌。speak說(shuō)，說(shuō)話，是一個(gè)動(dòng)詞。根據(jù)句意可知，主語(yǔ)The old和動(dòng)詞speak構(gòu)成被動(dòng)關(guān)系，應(yīng)使用被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)。這句話應(yīng)使用一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)，the+形容詞表示一類(lèi)人，謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞應(yīng)用復(fù)數(shù)，故填are spoken。

【13】句意：完成這一切花費(fèi)好幾周的時(shí)間。complete完成，是一個(gè)動(dòng)詞。這句話使用了句型It takes+一段時(shí)間+to do sth.做某事花費(fèi)多長(zhǎng)時(shí)間，故這里填動(dòng)詞不定式to complete。

【14】句意：當(dāng)葉子長(zhǎng)好了，他們用手工采摘，然后被送去加工。process加工，處理，是一個(gè)動(dòng)詞�？涨�for是一個(gè)介詞，因此這里用動(dòng)名詞形式processing。

【15】句意：這個(gè)工廠研制出一種新的產(chǎn)品。product產(chǎn)品，是一個(gè)名詞�？涨坝胁欢ü谠~a修飾，故這里填單數(shù)。

【16】句意：她在當(dāng)?shù)氐膱?bào)紙上登了一個(gè)廣告來(lái)尋找她失蹤的孩子。local當(dāng)?shù)氐模且粋�(gè)形容詞，修飾后面的名詞newspaper。

【17】句意：世界上廣泛地說(shuō)英語(yǔ)。wide寬的，是一個(gè)形容詞。根據(jù)句意和句子結(jié)構(gòu)可知，這個(gè)空修飾動(dòng)詞is spoken，這里應(yīng)填副詞形式widely，“廣泛地”。

【18】句意：Tom有一只貓，它的名字叫咪咪。it它，人稱代詞。根據(jù)句意可知，這里指“貓的名字叫…”，應(yīng)用形容詞性物主代詞its，修飾name，注意第一個(gè)字母大寫(xiě)，應(yīng)填Its。

【19】句意：在進(jìn)入之前測(cè)試水的熱度。heat熱，熱度，是一個(gè)名詞。

【20】句意：我可以用一下你的剪刀嗎？scissors剪刀，它是一個(gè)成雙成對(duì)的名詞，由兩部分組成，常用復(fù)數(shù)形式。

這個(gè)題目考查了一些單詞的正確形式和短語(yǔ)的用法。單詞拼寫(xiě)的題目在做題時(shí)，應(yīng)根據(jù)句意和所給單詞的首字母填寫(xiě)適當(dāng)?shù)膯卧~；給漢語(yǔ)意思的主要考查的是固定短語(yǔ)；后面給出單詞的，應(yīng)依據(jù)單詞在句中的作用以及句中使用的句型填寫(xiě)單詞的正確形式。這些題目中有幾個(gè)考查了被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)的用法，當(dāng)主語(yǔ)與謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞構(gòu)成被動(dòng)關(guān)系時(shí)，應(yīng)使用被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)，其構(gòu)成是be+過(guò)去分詞，應(yīng)根據(jù)句中使用的時(shí)態(tài)，變化be動(dòng)詞的正確形式。例如第6小題，invite邀請(qǐng)，是一個(gè)動(dòng)詞。根據(jù)句意可知，主語(yǔ)Parents和動(dòng)詞構(gòu)成被動(dòng)關(guān)系，應(yīng)使用被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)；再根據(jù)句中的時(shí)間every month可知，應(yīng)用一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)，故應(yīng)填are invited。還有題目考查了非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞的用法，如第13小題，complete完成，是一個(gè)動(dòng)詞。這句話使用了句型It takes+一段時(shí)間+to do sth.做某事花費(fèi)多長(zhǎng)時(shí)間，故這里填動(dòng)詞不定式to complete。

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