Question

3．Many of the expressions using water have different kinds of meanings in English．"Throwing cold water"means"not to like an idea"．For example，you want to buy a new
 car because the old one has some problems but your parents throw cold water on the idea，because they think a new car costs too much．
"Water over the dam"is another expression about a past event．It's something that finishes and it can't be changed．The expression comes from the idea---water has run over a dam and it can't be brought back again．When a friend is troubled by a mistake he has made，you might tell him to forget about it．You can say"It's water over the dam"．
"Be in hot water"was used five hundred years ago to mean being in trouble．One story says it got the meaning from throwing hot water down on enemies attacking a town．That happens no longer，but we still get into hot water．
 When we are in hot water，we are in trouble．It can be any kind of trouble，serious or not serious．A person who breaks a rule can be in hot water with the police．A young boy can be in hot water with his mother if he walks in a house with dirty shoes．

閱讀短文，根據(jù)要求完成下列各題．
91．If your partner breaks your glasses，you want him to forget about it，you might say"It's water over the dam"．
92．When Uncle Clark missed the flight，we can say that"he is in hot water"．
93．If one of our friends wants to spit in public，we willthrow cold wateron him．
94．把文中畫線部分翻譯成漢語這種表達(dá)來源于這種想法--潑出去的水是不可能再收回來的/覆水難收．．
95．What's the best title of this passage？Some expressions about water．

Answer 1

分析 文章大意：
這篇文章主要向我們介紹了在英語中和水有關(guān)的表達(dá)．使用水有關(guān)的短語可以有多種意思．"Throwing cold water"意思是不喜歡一個(gè)想法即潑冷水；例如，因?yàn)榕f車有一些問題你想買一輛新車，但你的父母不喜歡這個(gè)想法，因?yàn)樗麄冋J(rèn)為一輛新車花費(fèi)太多．"Water over the dam"是另一個(gè)關(guān)于過去的事件的表達(dá)；它是已經(jīng)完成且不能改變的東西．這個(gè)表達(dá)來自于這種想法--潑出去的水是不可能收回來的（覆水難收）．當(dāng)一個(gè)朋友為他所犯的錯(cuò)誤而煩惱時(shí)，你可能會讓他忘記這一錯(cuò)誤．你可以說"It's water over the dam"．"Be in hot water"被使用于500年前，意思是處于麻煩中，一個(gè)故事說，是在攻擊一個(gè)城鎮(zhèn)時(shí)把熱水倒在敵人身上從而獲得了這個(gè)意義．當(dāng)我們在熱水中時(shí)，我們就處于麻煩中．比如一個(gè)破壞規(guī)則的人可能會惹上警察，一個(gè)小男孩如果穿著一雙臟鞋走進(jìn)屋子可能會給媽媽惹麻煩．

解答 答案：
91．It's water over the dam．  細(xì)節(jié)理解題． 根據(jù)第二段When a friend is troubled by a mistake he has made，you might tell him to forget about it．You can say"It's water over the dam"．（當(dāng)一個(gè)朋友為他所犯的錯(cuò)誤而煩惱時(shí)，你可能會讓他忘記這一錯(cuò)誤．你可以說"It's water over the dam"）可知題干中的情況打破了眼鏡與之相類似，都是指在事情無法挽回的情況下安慰對方的話，指覆水難收，所以答案為：It's water over the dam．
92．he is in hot water        細(xì)節(jié)理解題． 根據(jù)第三段開頭"Be in hot water"was used five hundred years ago to mean being in trouble．及When we are in hot water，we are in trouble．可知Be in hot water的意思為處于麻煩中，結(jié)合題干可知當(dāng)Clark叔叔錯(cuò)過航班時(shí)，我們可以用Be in hot water這一短語來表達(dá)陷入麻煩之中，所以可以加上主語he表達(dá)為：he is in hot water．        
93．throw cold water           細(xì)節(jié)理解題． 根據(jù)第一段"Throwing cold water"means"not to like an idea"可知"Throwing cold water"意思是不喜歡一個(gè)想法即潑冷水；結(jié)合題干如果我們的一個(gè)朋友想在公共場所吐痰，顯然是不討人喜歡的一個(gè)想法，所以我們可以用throw cold water （潑冷水）來表達(dá)；前有助動詞will，故用動詞原形throw，所以答案為：throw cold water                 
94．這種表達(dá)來源于這種想法--潑出去的水是不可能再收回來的/覆水難收．   英譯漢題．   短語come from 為固定短語"來自于"，故前句可翻譯為：這種表達(dá)來源于這種想法；后句是由and連接的一個(gè)表并列關(guān)系的兩個(gè)分句；前面的分句用的是現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)，強(qiáng)調(diào)產(chǎn)生的結(jié)果及影響；water has run over a dam字面意思指水已經(jīng)漫過堤壩了，可以引申為潑出去的水；后一分句中 can't 表推測，表不可能；短語bring back意為"帶回"，這里使用了含有情態(tài)動詞can的被動語態(tài)，it can't be brought back again可理解為：（潑出去的水）是不可能再收回來的；這句話也可以用一句成語準(zhǔn)確概括為：覆水難收．故整句話可翻譯為：這種表達(dá)來源于這種想法--潑出去的水是不可能再收回來的/覆水難收．
95．Some expressions about water     主旨大意題．  根據(jù)文章開頭的中心句Many of the expressions using water have different kinds of meanings in English．許多使用水的詞語在英語中有不同的含義，聯(lián)系全文內(nèi)容，可知本文主要內(nèi)容就是講了有關(guān)水的表達(dá)．故標(biāo)題為：Some expressions about water

點(diǎn)評 此篇為任務(wù)型閱讀，做此類閱讀其基本步驟為：一、明確閱讀任務(wù)；二、讀全文，了解大意；三、讀細(xì)節(jié)，逐題攻克；四、通讀全文，仔細(xì)檢查．
還要注意一些答題細(xì)節(jié)：
①在答題時(shí)，總的原則就是：能簡略回答，盡量簡略回答．②書寫要規(guī)范．句子開頭首字母要大寫；標(biāo)點(diǎn)符號要規(guī)范，并能正確使用；單詞拼寫要正確無誤；單詞書寫要認(rèn)真．這些方面也要引起考生注意，力爭避免不必要的失分．③作出適當(dāng)調(diào)整．在回答時(shí)，同學(xué)們應(yīng)對照題目，根據(jù)需要對句子的人稱、單復(fù)數(shù)、時(shí)態(tài)、語態(tài)、詞性、主謂搭配等作出適當(dāng)?shù)恼{(diào)整．