解答:
解:(1)①2CH
3OH(l)+3O
2(g)=2CO
2(g)+4H
2O(g)△H=-1275.6kJ/mol
②2CO (g)+O
2(g)=2CO
2(g)△H=-566.0kJ/mol
③H
2O(g)=H
2O(l)△H=-44.0kJ/mol
依據(jù)蓋斯定律,利用①-②+③×4得:2CH
3OH(l)+2O
2(g)=2CO (g)+4H
2O(l)△H=-885.6KJ/mol,即CH
3OH(l)+O
2(g)=CO (g)+2H
2O(l)△H=-442.8KJ/mol;
故答案為:CH
3OH(l)+O
2(g)=CO (g)+2H
2O(l)△H=-442.8KJ/mol;
(2)①N
2(g)+O
2(g)=2NO(g)△H=+180.5kJ?mol
-1②2C(s)+O
2(g)=2CO(g)△H=-221.0kJ?mol
-1③C(s)+O
2(g)=CO
2(g)△H=-393.5kJ?mol
-1依據(jù)蓋斯定律,利用③×2-①-②得:2NO(g)+2CO(g)=N
2(g)+2CO
2(g)△H=-746.5KJ/mol;
故答案為:-746.5;
(3)由2Ag
+(aq)+Cu(s)═Cu
2+(aq)+2Ag(s)可知,Cu失去電子,銀離子得到電子;
①結(jié)合圖可知,X為負極,為Cu,故答案為:Cu;
②Ag為正極,銀離子得到電子,發(fā)生電極反應(yīng):Ag
++e
-=Ag,故答案為:Ag
++e
-=Ag;
(4)由總反應(yīng)4NH
3+3O
2=2N
2+6H
2O,正極反應(yīng)為O
2+2H
2O+4e
-=4OH
-,由電子守恒,則總反應(yīng)除以2減去正極反應(yīng)即可得負極反應(yīng)式,負極反應(yīng)式為2NH
3+6OH
--6e
-=N
2+6H
2O;
故答案為:2NH
3+6OH
--6e
-=N
2+6H
2O;
(5)①通電5min后,第③極增重,所以第③極是陰極,則F是電源正極,故答案為:正;
②第②極是陽極,A中陽極上氫氧根離子放電生成氧氣,其電極反應(yīng)式為:4OH
--4e
-=2H
2O+O
2↑,故答案為:4OH
--4e
-=2H
2O+O
2↑;
③第③極反應(yīng)為Ag
++e
-=Ag,n(Ag)=
=0.02mol,則轉(zhuǎn)移的電子為0.02mol,A池中陽極反應(yīng)為4OH
--4e
-=2H
2O+O
2↑,則轉(zhuǎn)移0.02mol電子生成氧氣為0.005mol,其體積為0.005mol×22.4L/mol=0.112L=112mL<224mL,所以在陰極上含有氣體生成,在陰極也生成112mL氣體,由2H
++2e
-=H
2↑,則氫氣的物質(zhì)的量為0.005mol,其體積是0.005mol×22.4L/mol=0.112L=112mL,
Cu
2++2e
-=Cu中轉(zhuǎn)移0.01mol電子,所以Cu
2+的物質(zhì)的量為0.005mol,通電前c(CuSO
4)=
=0.025 mol?L
-1.
故答案為:112;0.025mol?L
-1.