Question

【題目】Sex prejudices are based on and justified by the ideology（意識(shí)形態(tài)） that biology is destiny. According to this ideology, basic biological and psychological differences exist between the sexes. These differences require each sex to play a separate role in social life. Women are the weaker sex both physically and emotionally. Thus, they are naturally suited, much more so than men, to the performance of domestic（家庭的） duties. A woman’s place, under normal circumstances, is within the protective environment of the home. Nature has determined that women play caretaker roles, such as wife and mother and homemaker. On the other hand, men are best suited to go out into the competitive world of work and politics, where serious responsibilities must be taken on. Men are to be the providers; women and children are “dependents”.

The ideology also holds that women who wish to work outside the household should naturally fill these jobs that are in line with the special capabilities of their sex. It is appropriate for women, not men, to be employed as nurses, social workers, elementary school teachers, house-hold helpers, clerks and secretaries. These positions are simply an extension of women’s domestic role. Informal distinctions between “women’s work” and “men’s work” in the labor force, according to the ideology, are simply a functional reflection of the basic differences between the sexes．

Finally, the ideology suggests that nature has worked her will in another significant way. For the human species to survive over time, its members must regularly reproduce. Thus, women must, whether at home or in the labor force, make the most of their physical appearances.

So goes the ideology. It is, of course, not true that basic biological and psychological differences between the sexes require each to play sex-defined roles in social life. There is enough evidence that sex roles vary from society to society, and those role differences that do exist are largely learned.

But to the degree people actually believe that biology is destiny and that nature intended for men and women to make different contributions to society, sex-defined roles will be seen as totally acceptable.

【1】According to the biology-is-destiny ideology, women_______．

A．cannot compete with men in any field

B．a(chǎn)re suited more to domestic jobs than men

C．a(chǎn)re sensitive enough to be a good caretaker

D．a(chǎn)re too weak to do any agricultural work at all

【2】Those who have prejudices against women think that_______．

A．women shouldn’t go out for work

B．women should earn money to add the family income

C．women going out for work should only do “women’s work”

D．women should take jobs to drill the special capabilities of the sex

【3】The author thinks that the positions women hold outside_______．

A．a(chǎn)re determined by what they are better suited to

B．grow out of their household responsibilities

C．represent their breakthrough of sex discrimination

D．a(chǎn)re physically and emotionally suitable to them

【4】What does the underlined sentence imply?

A．Sex roles are socially determined

B．Sex roles are emotionally and physically determined

C．Sex roles are biologically and psychologically determined

D．Sex roles are determined by education people take

Answer 1

【答案】

【1】B

【2】C

【3】B

【4】A

【解析】

試題分析： 按照意識(shí)形態(tài)，男女之間存在著生理和心理兩方面的根本差異，由此決定了男女在社會(huì)中所扮演的角色是不同的。男人們一般要在外邊工作，而婦女們就得是家庭主婦，操持家務(wù)。性別不同，就要扮演不同的社會(huì)角色，這就是意識(shí)形態(tài)的體現(xiàn)。

【1】B細(xì)節(jié)信息題。根據(jù)文章第一段中“Women are the weaker sex both physically and emotionally．Thus, they are naturally suited, much more so than men, to the performance of domestic（家庭的） duties.”可知，按照意識(shí)形態(tài)，和男性相比，女性天生更適合做家務(wù)勞動(dòng)。故該題正確答案為B.

【2】C細(xì)節(jié)信息題。根據(jù)文章第二段中“The ideology also holds that women who wish to work outside the household should naturally fill these jobs that are in line with the special capabilities of their sex.”可知，那些對(duì)婦女有偏見的人認(rèn)為：出來工作的女性應(yīng)該做適合女性的工作。故該題正確答案為C.

【3】B細(xì)節(jié)信息題。根據(jù)文章第二段可知，那些希望在家庭以外工作的婦女應(yīng)自然地做符合女性自身特殊能力的工作，如護(hù)士、 社會(huì)工作者、 小學(xué)教師、 家政服務(wù)、 文員、 秘書。“These positions are simply an extension of women’s domestic role.”這些職務(wù)僅僅是婦女家庭角色的延伸。故選B.

【4】A句意猜測(cè)題。根據(jù)上文講到：“性別角色會(huì)隨著社會(huì)而發(fā)生變化”可推知，該句句意為：性別角色是由社會(huì)因素決定的。故該題正確答案為A.