Preface to the fourth edition

         A practical English Grammar is intended for intermediate(中級(jí)的) and post-intermediate students. We hope that more advanced learners and teachers will also find it useful.

         The book is a comprehensive survey of structures and forms, written in clear modern English and illustrated with numerous examples. Areas of particular difficulty have been given special attention. Differences between conversational usage and strict grammatical forms are shown but the emphasis is on conversational forms.

1. Explanation and examples have been brought up to date.

2. There is now more information on countable and uncountable nouns, attributive and predicative adjectives, adverbs of places, sentence adverbs, cleft sentences, prepositions, conjunctives, modal verbs, perfect tenses, infinitive constructions, the passive, purpose clauses and nouns.

In the fourth edition the main changes are as follows.

3. Some material has been rearranged to make comparisons easier. For example, parts of chapters on can, may, must etc. are now grouped by functions; verbs of liking and preference have a chapter to themselves; suggestions and invitations have joined the chapter on commands, requests and advice.

4. The contents list now summaries every edition heading, and there is a new index containing many more entries references.

         In this edition the sign “～” is frequently used to show a change of speaker in examples of dialogue. Note also that although the sign “＝”sometimes connects two words or expressions with the same meaning, it is often used more freely, e.g. to indicate a transformation from active to passive or direct to indirect speech.

         We wish to thank all at Oxford University Press who have assisted in the preparation of the fourth edition. We would also like to thank Professor Egawa of Nihon University, Japan, Professor Rene Dirven of Duisburg University, West Germany and other colleagues for their friendly and helpful suggestions.

         London, November 1985                                                                            A.J.T., A.VM

1.The grammar book mentioned in this passage is not suitable for __________.

A. a middle school teacher                                             B. a college student

C. a senior high student                                                   D. a primary school student

2.According to the passage, we know that this grammar book ___________.

A. compares modern English with old English

B. gives a large number of examples to reduce difficulty

C. attaches more importance to conversational forms

D. pays little attention to strict grammatical forms

3.Which of the following statements about the changes is TRUE?

A. This book keeps up with the latest usages of the American English language.

B. This edition offers more information about pronouns.

C. One particular chapter discusses verbs like “care, like, love, hate, prefer, wish”.

D. It’s not easy for us to find the information we need in this book.

4.When you see this line in the book, “Did you get a ticket? ～Yes, I managed to get one”, we can understand that _______.

A. the two parts before and after the sign “～”mean the same.

B. the topic is changed in the part after the sign “～”.

C. the second speaker repeats what the first speaker says.

D. the two parts before and after “～”are said by two different people.

 

【答案】

 

1.D

2.C

3.C

4.D

【解析】

試題分析：本文是一本實(shí)用英語(yǔ)語(yǔ)法書的第四版的序言。介紹了該書的適用對(duì)象、特點(diǎn)和內(nèi)容變化。對(duì)于編寫本書給與幫助的出版社和各位同仁表達(dá)謝意。

1.細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第一段的意思（一本實(shí)用英語(yǔ)語(yǔ)法書適用于中級(jí)和中級(jí)以上的學(xué)生。我們希望更多高級(jí)的學(xué)習(xí)者和教師會(huì)覺(jué)得它有用。）判斷小學(xué)生不合適。故選D。

2.細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第二段的最后一句話的意思（展示的是對(duì)話形式和嚴(yán)格的語(yǔ)法形式的差異，但是重點(diǎn)在對(duì)話形式。）判斷選C。

3.細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)3的內(nèi)容（一些材料被重新安排是對(duì)比更容易。如情態(tài)動(dòng)詞的章節(jié)歸類到功能類內(nèi)；表示喜歡和偏好的動(dòng)詞有獨(dú)立的章節(jié)；建議邀請(qǐng)章節(jié)放入請(qǐng)求、命令和建議章節(jié)內(nèi)。）判斷，選C。其他選項(xiàng)是對(duì)文章的片面理解。

4.推理判斷題。根據(jù)倒數(shù)第二段第一句話：In this edition the sign “～” is frequently used to show a change of speaker in examples of dialogue.（在這一版本中，“～”經(jīng)常被用于表明在對(duì)話舉例中說(shuō)話人的變化。）判斷選D。

考點(diǎn)：廣告類短文閱讀。

 

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