Question

【題目】根據(jù)短文內(nèi)容，從短文后的選項(xiàng)中選出能填入空白處的最佳選項(xiàng)。選項(xiàng)中有兩項(xiàng)為多余選項(xiàng)。

Weighing the Options

Making decisions when shopping is often a tough call. Even if you’re satisfied with the first dress you try on, would you go on looking for alternatives, comparing styles and prices, until literally dropped dead?

Psychology researchers have studied how people make decisions and concluded there are two basic styles. “Maximizers” like to take their time and weigh a wide range of options—sometimes every possible one—before choosing. “Satisficers” would rather be fast than thorough.

16. __________ So even if they see what would seem to meet their requirements, they can’t make a decision until after they’ve examined every option to make sure that they’re making the best possible choice. Researchers followed 548 job-seeking college seniors at 11 schools from October through their graduation in June. They found that the maximizers landed better jobs. 17. _________

“The maximizer is kicking himself because he can’t examine every option and at some point had to just pick something,” they say. “Maximizers make good decisions and end up feeling bad about them. 18. _________

Satisficers also have high standards, but they are happier than maximizers. Maximizers tend to be more depressed and to report a lower satisfaction with life, their research found.

Faced with so many choices in our lives, we need to learn how not to waste time and energy on our decision-making.

19. ________ For instance, if you’re picking a restaurant for a lunch meeting, first deciding on a certain part of town or type of cuisine can narrow your options.

Once you’ve arrived at a decision, stick with it. 20. __________ To limit the number of options you can set a time limit for decision-making. Say you are buying a new bag, you could spend an amount of time studying features, price and value—but if you give yourself only five minutes to make a decision, and there are only these bags you can consider, you’ll save time. You’ll be happier with your decision, too.

A. The other is to make decisions more accurately at the beginning.

B. Satisficers make good decisions and end up feeling good.

C. First of all, decrease your range of options.

D. Comparing is often a must when you make a decision.

E. Maximizers are people who want the best.

F. Just accept that no decision is ever completely perfect.

G. Their starting salaries were 20 percent higher but they felt worse about their jobs.

Answer 1

【答案】

【1】E

【2】G

【3】B

【4】C

【5】F

【解析】

試題分析：本文講述如何權(quán)衡選擇。第一段引出文章中心，并說明做選擇是件很難的事情；第二段根據(jù)人們?nèi)绾巫鲞x擇，將人們分成兩類——maximizers和satisficers；第三段至第五段進(jìn)行maximizers和satisficers，并進(jìn)行對比；第六段至第八段說明如何在選擇時(shí)減少時(shí)間、經(jīng)歷的浪費(fèi)，給出兩個(gè)具體方向。

【1】E 段首空（非首段），需關(guān)注上一段內(nèi)容和本段下文。上一段將做決定的人分為兩類——maximizers和satisficers。根據(jù)本段后一句的they，說明所填句子必須包含某類人群，符合的選項(xiàng)有A（maximizers），E（satisficers）；再根據(jù)后一句中的making the best possible choice，可知與E選項(xiàng)want the best 語義相符。

【2】G 段尾空，需關(guān)注本段上文和下一段內(nèi)容。根據(jù)“重點(diǎn)名詞一致”原則，前一句重點(diǎn)提到j(luò)obs，選項(xiàng)中名詞一致的只有 G（salaries，jobs）；且選項(xiàng)中代詞 their 指代前一句中的maximizers。下一段開頭也在探討maximizers。

【3】B 段尾空，需關(guān)注本段上文和下一段內(nèi)容，兩段在進(jìn)行 maximizers 和satisficers的對比；且根據(jù)空前一句：maximizers做出最佳選擇，但不開心；以及下一 段段首句：satisficers 也有高標(biāo)準(zhǔn)，但比 maximizers 更開心；應(yīng)選擇 B項(xiàng)“satisficers做出好的選擇，并且最終感覺很好。”

【4】C 段首空，需關(guān)注上一段內(nèi)容和本段下文。上一段說我們在面對選擇時(shí)，如何避免浪費(fèi)時(shí)間精力，因此此處需要具體做法；再根據(jù)下文for instance可知，本段為總分結(jié)構(gòu)，且該句中的narrow your options與C中的decrease your range of options語義一致。故選C。

【5】F 段中空，需關(guān)注本段上下文。前一句“一旦作出決定，就要堅(jiān)持不變”；后一句“為了限制選項(xiàng)數(shù)目，可以設(shè)定一個(gè)抉擇的時(shí)間。”say所在句為舉例，but之后是重點(diǎn)，強(qiáng)調(diào)在限定的時(shí)間內(nèi)迅速做出選擇，而非最合適或最完美的選擇。故選F。另外兩項(xiàng)也可用排除法，D中的comparing與原文內(nèi)容無關(guān)；A中的the other與前文不能形成正確的邏輯搭配。