Question

【題目】Batteries can power anything from small sensors to large systems. While scientists are finding ways to make them smaller but even more powerful, problems can arise when these batteries are much larger and heavier than the devices themselves. University of Missouri(MU) researchers are developing a nuclear energy source that is smaller, lighter and more efficient.

“To provide enough power, we need certain methods with high energy density (密度)”，said Jae Kwon, assistant professor of electrical and computer engineering at MU. “The radioisotope (放射性同位素) battery can provide power density that is much higher than chemical batteries.”

Kwon and his research team have been working on building a small nuclear battery, presently the size and thickness of a penny, intended to power various micro/nanoelectromechanical systems (MNEMS). Although nuclear batteries can cause concerns, Kwon said they are safe.

“People hear the word ‘nuclear’ and think of something very dangerous,” he said, “However, nuclear power sources have already been safely powering a variety of devices, such as pace-makers, space satellites and underwater systems.”

His new idea is not only in the battery’s size, but also in its semiconductor(半導(dǎo)體). Kwon’s battery uses a liquid semiconductor rather than a solid semiconductor.

“The key part of using a radioactive battery is that when you harvest the energy, part of the radiation energy can damage the lattice structure(晶體結(jié)構(gòu)) of the solid semiconductor,” Kwon said, “By using a liquid semiconductor, we believe we can minimize that problem.”

Together with J. David Robertson, chemistry professor and associate director of the MU Research Reactor, Kwon is working to build and test the battery, In the future, they hope to increase the battery’s power, shrink its size and try with various other materials. Kwon said that battery could be thinner than the thickness of human hair.

【1】Which of the following is TRUE of Jae Kwon?

A. He developed a chemical battery.

B. He teaches chemistry at MU.

C. He made a breakthrough in computer engineering.

D. He is working on a nuclear energy source.

【2】Liquid semiconductor is used to ________.

A. reduce the damage to lattice structure

B. test the power of nuclear batteries

C. decrease the size of nuclear batteries

D. get rid of the radioactive waste

【3】According to Jae Kwon, his nuclear battery ________.

A. uses a solid semiconductor

B. will soon replace the present ones

C. could be extremely thin

D. has passed the final test

【4】The text is most probably a ________.

A. book review

B. science news report

C. newspaper ad

D. science fiction story

Answer 1

【答案】

【1】D

【2】A

【3】C

【4】B

【解析】本文為一篇說明文。本文介紹了介紹由美國(guó)密蘇里大學(xué)研究者所開發(fā)的核能電池的情況。這種電池體積更小，能量更大。

【1】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第三段的“Kwon and his research team have been working on building a small nuclear battery,”可知，Kwon 在研究制造一種小型的原子能電池，所以D項(xiàng)正確。

【2】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第六段“The key part of using a radioactive battery is that when you harvest the energy, part of the radiation energy can damage the lattice structure(晶體結(jié)構(gòu)) of the solid semiconductor, ”Kwon said, “By using a liquid semiconductor, we believe we can minimize that problem”可知，使用放射性電池的關(guān)鍵部分是，當(dāng)你獲取能量時(shí)，輻射能量的一部分會(huì)損壞固體半導(dǎo)體的晶格結(jié)構(gòu)。通過使用液態(tài)半導(dǎo)體，相信可以最小化這個(gè)問題，也就是說減少晶格結(jié)構(gòu)的損傷。故A項(xiàng)正確。

【3】細(xì)節(jié)題。根據(jù)文章最后一句Kwon said that battery could be thinner than the thickness of human hair.可知，Kwon說這種電池比人的頭發(fā)都細(xì)，也就是這樣的電池可能會(huì)非常薄。故C項(xiàng)正確。

【4】推理題。本文是關(guān)于新型的原子能電池的研究情況，其中涉及到高科技的核技術(shù)，那么最有可能是科技報(bào)告，故B正確。