Question

15．Bad news sells．If it bleeds，it leads．No news is good news，and good news is no news．Those are the classic rules for the evening broadcasts and the morning papers．But now that information is being spread and monitored（監(jiān)控） in different ways，researchers are discovering new rules．By tracking people's e-mails and online posts，scientists have found that good news can spread faster and farther than disasters and sob stories．
"The‘if it bleeds'rule works for mass media，"says Jonah Berger，a scholar at the University of Pennsylvania．"They want your eyeballs and don't care how you're feeling．But when you share a story with your friends，you care a lot more how they react．You don't want them to think of you as a Debbie Downer．"
   Researchers analyzing word-of-mouth communication-e-mails，Web posts and reviews，face-to-face conversations-found that it tended to be more positive than negative（消極的），but that didn't necessarily mean people preferred positive news．Was positive news shared more often simply because people experienced more good things than bad things？To test for that possibility，Dr．Berger looked at how people spread a particular set of news stories：thousands of articles on The New York Times'website．He and a Penn colleague analyzed the"most e-mailed"list for six months．One of his first finds was that articles in the science section were much more likely to make the list than non-science articles．He found that science amazed Times'readers and made them want to share this positive feeling with others．
   Readers also tended to share articles that were exciting or funny，or that inspired negative feelings like anger or anxiety，but not articles that left them merely sad．They needed to be aroused（激發(fā)） one way or the other，and they preferred good news to bad．The more positive an article，the more likely it was to be shared，as Dr．Berger explains in his new book，"Contagious：Why Things Catch On．"

12．What do the classic rules mentioned in the text apply to？A
A．News reports．
B．Research papers．
C．Private e-malls．
D．Daily conversations．
13．What can we infer about people like Debbie Downer？C
A．They're socially inactive．
B．They're good at telling stories．
C．They're inconsiderate of others．
D．They're careful with their words．
14．Which tended to be the most e-mailed according to Dr．Berger's research？B
A．Sports new．
B．Science articles．
C．Personal accounts．
D．Financial reviews．
15．What can be a suitable title for the text？D
A．Sad Stories Travel Far and Wide．
B．Online News Attracts More People．
C．Reading Habits Change with the Times．
D．Good News Beats Bad on Social Networks．

Answer 1

分析 人們常說(shuō)"沒(méi)有消息就是最好的消息"，類似的說(shuō)法只適合大眾媒體，在網(wǎng)絡(luò)普及的時(shí)代，好消息在網(wǎng)絡(luò)上的傳播速度比壞消息要快很多．

解答 ACBD
12．A 細(xì)節(jié)理解題，根據(jù)第二段The‘if it bleeds'rule works for mass media可知，像it bleeds這各傳統(tǒng)說(shuō)法適用于大眾媒體，故選A．
13．C 推理判斷題．根據(jù)"you care a lot more how they react"可知，你非常在乎朋友聽(tīng)完你講的故事后的反應(yīng)，根據(jù)"You don't want them to think of you as a Debbie Downer．"可知，你不想被當(dāng)作一個(gè)"Debbie Downer"，說(shuō)明指的是"一個(gè)不為他人考慮的人"，故選C．
14．B 細(xì)節(jié)理解題．根據(jù)第三段"articles in the science section were much more likely to make the list than non-science articles"可知，科技類的文章比非科技類的更有可能被人們討論，故選B．
15．D 標(biāo)題判斷．根據(jù)第一段"By tracking people's e-mails and online posts，scientists have found that good news can spread faster and farther than disasters and sob stories．"可知，好消息在網(wǎng)絡(luò)上傳播得更快，影響更深遠(yuǎn)；說(shuō)明文章主要講的是好消息通過(guò)網(wǎng)絡(luò)的傳播，故選D．

點(diǎn)評(píng) 主旨大意題主要考查學(xué)生把握全文主題和理解中心思想的能力．根據(jù)多年的備考及高考實(shí)踐，這類題目考察的范圍是：基本論點(diǎn)、文章標(biāo)題、主題或段落大意等．它要求考生在理解全文的基礎(chǔ)上能較好地運(yùn)用概括、判斷、歸納、推理等邏 輯思維方法，對(duì)文章進(jìn)行高度概括或總結(jié)，屬于高層次題．
選擇"主題"旨在考查考生是否掌握了所讀文章的主要內(nèi)容或主旨，通常用詞、短語(yǔ)或句子來(lái)概括．常見(jiàn)的提問(wèn)方式有：
1．What is the main/general idea of this text？
2．What is mainly discussed in this passage？
3．What is the text mainly about？
4．This text mainly tells us ________．
5．This passage mainly deals with _________．
6．The main idea of this passage may be best expressed as_________．
選擇"標(biāo)題"則是讓考生給所讀的文章選擇一個(gè)合適的標(biāo)題．通常標(biāo)題由一個(gè)名詞或名詞短語(yǔ)充當(dāng)，用詞簡(jiǎn)短、精練．常見(jiàn)的提問(wèn)方式有：
1．What would be the best title for the text？
2．Which of the following is the best/most suitable title for this text？
3．The best/most suitable title for this text would be ________．
4．The topic of this passage is _________．
不管是選擇"主題"還是選擇"標(biāo)題"，實(shí)質(zhì)上都是要求考生從整體上理解語(yǔ)篇內(nèi)容，找出貫穿語(yǔ)篇的主線；不管是何種體裁的文章，總是圍繞一個(gè)主題來(lái)展開(kāi)的．在試題設(shè)計(jì)上，3個(gè)干擾項(xiàng)內(nèi)容一般在文章里或多或少都有涉及，但并非主要內(nèi)容，需要注意甄別．