Question

【題目】Listed below are the stories of women you may not know about, but definitely should.

Hedy Lamarr

Hedy Lamarr starred in many films. But her film career is far from her only noteworthy achievement; she was also a brilliant inventor. In 1942, she and composer George Antheil received a patent（專利）for a device that could change radio signal frequencies. The purpose of the technology was to keep military enemies from figuring out messages. But it did more than that - it laid a foundation for the wireless technology we use today.

Maria Sibylla Merian

Today, children can happily explain how a caterpillar（毛蟲） tums into a butterfly. But there was a time when no one knew this. Until the 1670s, scientists thought that caterpillars and butterflies were two totally different creatures. Thanks to Maria, we know the truth about these beautiful winged insects. Fascinated by insects, she began collecting, studying and drawing them as a child. It was through her study of caterpillars that she discovered the truth about their life cycles. She published two volumes of naturalist research, which provide major contributions to the field of entomology（昆蟲學）.

Ada Lovelace

Ada Lovelace, the daughter of celebrated British poet Lord Byron, wasn’t a poet herself but the world’s first computer programmer. We think of computers as a recent invention, but people were toying with the idea of “computing machines” in the mid – 19th century when Lovelace was alive. Lovelace’s mathematical genius was apparent at a young age and caught the attention of Cambridge professor Charles Babbage, who was working to design early computing machines that would be able to quickly solve math problems. Lovelace wrote some suggestions as to how to program the machines to work out numbers.

In addition to designing this early computer program, she was also the first to surest that these computers might be able to do more than compute. She imagined them doing almost everything, from producing images to composing music.

【1】What does the underlined word “it” in the second paragraph refer to?

A. The technology. B. The patent.

C. The device. D. The film career.

【2】Before Maria’s discovery, people thought that .

A. a butterfly was insect without wings

B. a butterfly was turned from a caterpillar

C. a caterpillar had nothing to do with a butterfly

D. a caterpillar and a butterfly were insects of a kind

【3】What can we learn about Ada Lovelace from the text?

A. She possessed literary talent just like her father.

B. She foresaw various function& of the computer.

C. She received education in Cambridge University.

D. She is considered to have invented the computer.

【4】What did the three women have in common?

A. They discovered priceless things existing in nature.

B. They were entirely devoted to women’s rights.

C. They were expert at information technology.

D. They made great contributions to science.

Answer 1

【答案】

【1】A

【2】C

【3】B

【4】D

【解析】本文是人物說明類文章。本文主要介紹了三位為科學做出巨大貢獻的女科學家。

【1】推理判斷題。在上文內容The purpose of the technology was to keep military enemies from figuring out messages.捕捉到關鍵詞the technology，可知But it did more than that - it laid a foundation for the wireless technology we use today.這句話的意思是這項技術做的更多——這項技術為我們今天使用的無線電技術奠定了基礎，選A。

【2】細節(jié)理解題。由Maria Sibylla Merian中的Until the 1670s, scientists thought that caterpillars and butterflies were two totally different creatures. Thanks to Maria, we know the truth about these beautiful winged insects.可知17世紀70年代，科學家還認為毛毛蟲和蝴蝶是兩種完全不同的生物。多虧了Maria，我們知道了這種美麗的長翅膀的昆蟲與毛毛蟲之間的聯系，故選C。

【3】推理判斷題。由最后一段In addition to designing this early computer program, she was also the first to surest that these computers might be able to do more than compute. She imagined them doing almost everything, from producing images to composing music.可知Ada Lovelace想象用電腦做每件事，所以Ada Lovelace預見了電腦的不同功能，選B。

【4】推理判斷題。Hedy Lamarr發(fā)明了一種改變無線電訊號的裝置；Maria Sibylla Merian

發(fā)現了毛毛蟲進化成蝴蝶的事實；Ada Lovelace設計了早期的計算機，所以這三位女士的共同之處是她們?yōu)榭茖W做出了巨大的貢獻，選D。

根據事實細節(jié)，推斷合理信息。推理題要求在理解原文表面文字信息的基礎上，作出一定判斷和推論，從而得到文章的隱含意義和深層意義。推理題所涉及的內容可能是文中某一句話，也可是某幾句話，但做題的指導思想都是以文字信息為依據，既不能做出在原文中找不到文字根據的推理，也不能根據表面文字信息做多步推理。也就是說，要做到判斷有據, 推論有理, 忠實原文。切忌用自己的觀點代替作者的本意，切忌片面思考，得出片面結論。小題4詢問三位女士的共同之處，通過閱讀全文可知Hedy Lamarr發(fā)明了一種改變無線電訊號的裝置；Maria Sibylla Merian發(fā)現了毛毛蟲進化成蝴蝶的事實；Ada Lovelace設計了早期的計算機，所以這三位女士的共同之處是她們?yōu)榭茖W做出了巨大的貢獻，選D。