Question

19．假定英語(yǔ)課上老師要求同桌之間交換修改作文，請(qǐng)你修改你同桌寫(xiě)的以下作文．文中共有10處語(yǔ)言錯(cuò)誤，每句中最多有兩處．錯(cuò)誤僅涉及一個(gè)單詞的增加、刪除或修改．
增加：在缺詞處加一個(gè)漏字符號(hào)（∧），并在其下面寫(xiě)出該加的詞．
刪除：把多余的詞用（\）劃掉．
修改：在錯(cuò)的詞下畫(huà)一橫線(xiàn)，并在該詞下面寫(xiě)出修改后的詞．
注意：1．每處錯(cuò)誤及其修改均僅限一詞；
          2．只允許修改10處，多者（從第11處起）不計(jì)分．
Two men were traveling together while a bear suddenly met them．One of them climbed up into the tree．The other，seeing that he must be attacked，immediate lay on his back on the ground．When the bear came up，feeling him with his nose and smelt him all over，he held breath．The bear soon left him，for it's said that a bear won't touches a dead body．When he was gone，the other travelers went down from the tree．And he asked his friend that the bear had whispered to his ear．"He gave me a piece of advice，"his companion replied．"Never to travel with a friend who deserts you in the face of danger．"

Answer 1

分析 文章大意：本文是一則寓言故事．  兩個(gè)人一起走著．途中，突然有一只熊與他們相遇，其中有一個(gè)以極快的速度爬到樹(shù)上，隱藏在樹(shù)枝叢中．而另外一個(gè)快要被襲擊了，
他就立刻平躺在地上，熊來(lái)到后在他的身上嗅來(lái)嗅去，他屏著呼吸，并盡量裝出一副死人的樣子．熊不久就離開(kāi)他了，因?yàn)閾?jù)說(shuō)熊是不吃死人的．樹(shù)上的人下來(lái)后，問(wèn)滑稽地問(wèn)熊在他耳邊說(shuō)了什么．"他給了我一個(gè)建議，"他的同伴說(shuō)道，"不要與一個(gè)在危難面前丟棄你的人一起同行"．

解答 Two men were traveling together while  a bear suddenly met them．One of them climbed up into the tree．The other，seeing that 
                                                 when                                                                                   a
he must be attacked，immediatelay on his back on the ground．When the bear came up，feeling him with his nose 
                                 immediately                                                                             felt
and smelt him all over，he held∧breath．The bear soon left him，for it's said that a bear won't touchesa dead body．
                                             his                                                                                               touch
When he was gone，the othertravelers went down from the tree．And he asked his friend that the bear had whispered tohis ear．
                                         traveler                                                                           what                                   in
"He gave me a piece of advice，"his companion replied．"Never  to  travel with a friend who deserts you in the face of danger．"
                                                                                               去掉to
1．while 改為when 考查連詞．本句中表示"就在此時(shí)"，后面是瞬間動(dòng)詞，不可以用while．
2．the改為a，考查冠詞，某個(gè)可數(shù)名詞單數(shù)第一次出現(xiàn)一般用不定冠詞．
3．immediate改為immediately，考查副詞，本句中修飾動(dòng)詞，所以用副詞形式．
4．feeling改為felt，考查非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞． 本句中前面是主句部分，后面應(yīng)該是分詞作狀語(yǔ)．feel和主語(yǔ)是主動(dòng)關(guān)系，所以用現(xiàn)在分詞．
5．held∧加his，考查人稱(chēng)代詞． hold one's breath 是固定短語(yǔ)，中間需要用物主代詞．
6．touches改為touch，考查動(dòng)詞適當(dāng)形式．位于won't 后面應(yīng)該是用動(dòng)詞原形．
7．travelers改為traveler，考查名詞單復(fù)數(shù)．本文出現(xiàn)兩個(gè)人，一個(gè)…，另一個(gè)…，所以用單數(shù)形式．
8．that改為what．考查名詞性從句． ask后面有賓語(yǔ)從句，從句中whisper缺少賓語(yǔ)，所以用what．
9．to改為in 考查介詞搭配．whisper in one's ear，意思是在某人的耳朵里低語(yǔ)．
10．去掉to，考查不定式．本句為祈使句，祈使句是以動(dòng)詞原形開(kāi)頭，不需要to．

點(diǎn)評(píng) 改錯(cuò)題要注意代詞，連詞以及詞性、人稱(chēng)的轉(zhuǎn)化．
做好短文改錯(cuò)題，可以從以下三方面去考慮：1．快速閱讀短文，如抓住中心思想，從整體上對(duì)短文有個(gè)了解． 2．充分運(yùn)用語(yǔ)言的基礎(chǔ)知識(shí)，從句型結(jié)構(gòu)、詞的變化、詞類(lèi)選擇、詞的搭配、習(xí)慣用法出發(fā)，進(jìn)行分析判斷，盡快找出錯(cuò)誤在何處． 3．重視整體和語(yǔ)境，從上下文關(guān)系中找出表達(dá)連接關(guān)系或邏輯關(guān)系的詞或詞組，判斷是遞進(jìn)關(guān)系還是轉(zhuǎn)折關(guān)系，是因果關(guān)系還是讓步關(guān)系．