科目  英語(yǔ)

年級(jí)  高二

文件　high2 unit15.doc

標(biāo)題  A famous detective（著名偵探）

章節(jié)  第十五單元

關(guān)鍵詞  高二英語(yǔ)第十五單元

內(nèi)容

一、教法建議

【拋磚引玉】

單元雙基學(xué)習(xí)目標(biāo)

Ⅰ. 四會(huì)單詞和詞組：have a seat , quarrel , long before , dare , upon , fasten , gun , again and again , blow (n .) , hall

   三會(huì)單詞和詞組：personal , affair , relative , delay , pillow , nail , chest , pay … a visit , furniture , armchair , pet , doubt , silence , in silence , living room , strike , scream , snake , tiny , nephew , niece , connect to

Ⅱ. 交際英語(yǔ)：

1. I’m afraid I have to go now .

2. It is time sb + 動(dòng)詞的過(guò)去式

3. I hope you have a good journey back to …

4. It was nice to meet you .

5. Please remember me to sb請(qǐng)代我向……問(wèn)好

6. I called to tell you that …

7. I’d like you to meet …

8. Thanks again for calling .

9. It is very kind of you to do …

10. I have to see to . 我必須處理 。

Ⅲ. 語(yǔ)法重點(diǎn)：

本單元復(fù)習(xí)過(guò)去分詞作定語(yǔ)和狀語(yǔ)的用法。過(guò)去分詞可以作名詞的前置定語(yǔ)，也可以作名詞的后置定語(yǔ)。當(dāng)過(guò)去分詞作狀語(yǔ)時(shí)，要注意其邏輯主語(yǔ)的問(wèn)題。

另外要學(xué)習(xí)同源賓語(yǔ)的用法，如：( page 2 Unit 13 )

    Einstein ( lived ) the rest of his ( life ) quietly in the USA . ( 愛(ài)因斯坦在美國(guó)靜靜地度過(guò)了余生 ) 。其中賓語(yǔ) life 與 live 是同源的名詞，即同源賓語(yǔ) ( cognate object ) 。這是中學(xué)英語(yǔ)課本中十分常見(jiàn)的語(yǔ)法現(xiàn)象，這種賓語(yǔ)用在某些不及物動(dòng)詞之后，并往往有定語(yǔ)修飾，現(xiàn)舉例如下：

    1 . My grandmother lives a happy life in the countryside . 我的祖母在鄉(xiāng)下過(guò)著幸福的生活。

    2 . Premier Zhou Enlai fought a hard fight against “Gang of Four” .     周恩來(lái)總理與“四人幫”進(jìn)行了一場(chǎng)艱苦的斗爭(zhēng)。

    3 . He breathed his last breath last night .  昨天夜里他咽了最后一口氣。

    4 . He laughed a hearty laugh at the good news . 聽(tīng)到好消息后他開(kāi)心地笑了。

    5 . Chris will sing us a pop song . 克莉斯將給我們唱首流行歌曲。

    6 . Her son died a hero's death in the war . 她兒子在戰(zhàn)爭(zhēng)中英勇?tīng)奚�了�?/p>

    7 . She sleeps a sweet sleep only on Sundays . 只有在周日她才能甜美地睡一覺(jué)。

    8 . I dreamed a pleasant dream last night . 昨天夜里我做了個(gè)愉快的夢(mèng)。

    9 . My father signed a deep sign . 我父親深深地嘆了一口氣。

    10 . My mother smiled a happy smile when I passed the entrance examination .當(dāng)我通過(guò)了入學(xué)考試時(shí)，我媽媽幸福地笑了。

【指點(diǎn)迷津】

單元重點(diǎn)詞匯點(diǎn)撥

1. delay推遲；耽擱

What delayed you so long yesterday ?

The train was delayed one hour by the accident .

〖點(diǎn)撥〗without delay毫無(wú)耽擱地，立即。after a delay of two hours延遲兩個(gè)小時(shí)以后。

注意：delay + -ing推遲干……。如：I’ll delay answering his letter until I feel like writing .

另外，put off + ing推遲干……。如：They put off holding the sports meet .

2. quarrel爭(zhēng)吵；吵架

He had a quarrel with his wife about  / over the housework .

〖點(diǎn)撥〗quarrel with sb about / over sth因?yàn)椤�…向某人�?zhēng)吵

3. dare與need

dare 和 need 這兩個(gè)詞的用法有它們獨(dú)特的地方。詞性有兩種而且不同的詞性決定了它們不同的用法。對(duì)中學(xué)生來(lái)講掌握它們的用法有一定的難度，無(wú)論教師從理論上如何解釋，但同學(xué)們?cè)诰唧w運(yùn)用中都會(huì)出現(xiàn)浮光掠影，若明若暗，零亂殘缺，張冠李戴的現(xiàn)象。這兩個(gè)詞難就難在對(duì)詞性的判斷，它們可以作為情態(tài)動(dòng)詞用(其后不帶 to)，又可以作為行為動(dòng)詞用(后面要帶 to)。為了便于區(qū)分其詞性和掌握用法，同學(xué)們可以采用下面的口訣幫助記憶。

〖點(diǎn)撥〗口訣：“dare , need 真奇怪，既行為(指行為動(dòng)詞)又情態(tài)(指情態(tài)動(dòng)詞)，是行為，把 to 帶(指其后用不定式)，是情態(tài)，把 to “賣”(指其后去掉 to，只用動(dòng)詞原形)。若 need (= want ，require) 的主語(yǔ)是某物，愿與 -ing (= to be done)結(jié)姻緣。”

請(qǐng)做以下練習(xí)：

1） Something is wrong with my watch . It needs ____ .

    A . to repair    B . repairing    C . repaired    D . being repaired

2） I ____ to ask the teachers for advice in the office .

    A . dare not    B . not dare    C . dare don't    D . don't dare

3） He ____ come to school to give us a lecture on how to learn English .

    A . need    B . need to    C . needs    D . to need

4） She ____ do so .

    A . won't dare    B . dare not    C . will dare to   D . not dare

5） We ____ to think it over before we take action  .

    A . needing    B . needs    C . need    D . needed

［答案與簡(jiǎn)析］1 ― 5 BDABC 。第一題選B；某物作 need 的主語(yǔ)，后面應(yīng)用動(dòng)名詞的主動(dòng)形式表被動(dòng)含義。第二題選D；dare 用作行為動(dòng)詞，其否定形式應(yīng)為“助動(dòng)詞+ not dare to do sth . ”第三題選A；need 用作情態(tài)動(dòng)詞，其后跟動(dòng)詞原形。第四題選B；dare 用作情態(tài)動(dòng)詞，直接加 not 表示否定。第五題選C；need 用作行為動(dòng)詞，主語(yǔ)是人稱代詞，其后應(yīng)該是 need to do sth .

4. furniture (總稱) 家具

A lot of furniture will be bought for you .

〖點(diǎn)撥〗furniture是不可數(shù)名詞，表示件數(shù)要用量詞piece / set 。如：three pieces of furniture三件家具。

5. doubt懷疑；疑慮

I have no doubt that he will pass this examination .

〖點(diǎn)撥〗beyond doubt = out of doubt毫無(wú)疑問(wèn)。

用于肯定句時(shí)用doubt if / whether …。用于否定句時(shí)用doubt that 。

單元詞組思維運(yùn)用

1. have a seat = take a seat坐下

Entering the hall , he had a seat in the corner .

Have a seat and make yourself at home .

注意：have a seat用于直接引語(yǔ)。

2. long before = long time ago很久以前

She said that she had known your name long before .

注意：It wasn’t long before是一個(gè)常用句型，意為“不久”。before long不久以后

3. pay … a visit = pay a visit to對(duì)……進(jìn)行參觀；對(duì)……進(jìn)行訪問(wèn)

That basketball team will pay Europe a visit before long .

注意：表示狀態(tài)的“在……參觀；在……訪問(wèn)”用on a visit to 。如：These singers have been on a visit to Africa for a month .

4. in silence靜靜地 = silently

She alone sat under the tree in silence , looking straight forward .

5. again and again = over and over反復(fù)地；再三地

The student made the spelling mistakes again and again .

6. connect to連接；相連

    Please connect the two speakers to the amplifier .

注意：connect with與……相連接；與……有聯(lián)系。如：She is connected with the Smiths .

7. see to處理；負(fù)責(zé)

I have some personal affairs that I have to see to .

Will you see to turning off the lights ?

8. have a good / pleasant journey一路順風(fēng)；一路平安

I hope you have a good journey back to Guangzhou .

9. fasten … to… 把……栓在……；把……系在……

He fastened a rope to a post .

10. do repairs維修；修理

A few building repairs were done a week ago .

We must do a lot of repairs on the house before we move in .

11. no matter不要緊；沒(méi)關(guān)系

It’s no matter whether he will come or not .

注意：在It doesn’t matter 中，matter是動(dòng)詞。

12. from that moment on從那一刻起

13. a long wait等很久

There will be a long wait before the next train comes .

Word came at last after a long wait .

14. in the dark在黑暗中

It was hard to find your pen in the dark .

15. be supposed to do應(yīng)該干……

We are supposed to gather at the school gate at 7:30 .

16. a length of一段

She bought two lengths of silk .

What is the length of the report ?

17. send for派人去請(qǐng)；派人去取

I’ll send for the magazine tomorrow .

If bitten by a snake , you should send for help and don’t walk .

18. fire back開(kāi)火還擊

No one was allowed to fire back unless the order was given .

二、學(xué)海導(dǎo)航

【學(xué)法指要】

單元難點(diǎn)疑點(diǎn)思路明晰

1. I've got some personal affairs that I have to see to . 我有些私事非處理不可。

〖明晰〗1) affair, business 作“事物”講時(shí)，這兩個(gè)詞的意義很相近，�？赏ㄓ�。

Mind your own affairs (business) . 少管閑事。

business不能用復(fù)數(shù)，而affair特別是指重大或頭緒較多的事務(wù)時(shí)，常需要復(fù)數(shù)，在下面的句子里，這兩個(gè)詞不能通用。

Each Ministry of Foreign Affairs lodged a protest with the other .  雙方外交部向?qū)Ψ酵饨徊刻岢隹棺h。

Business before pleasure . 先辦正事，再談娛樂(lè)。

2)see to有“注意，照料，保證，修理，診治”等意思。例如：

Your shoes need seeing to . 你的鞋得修補(bǔ)了。

You ought to have your eyes seen to by a doctor . 你應(yīng)該請(qǐng)醫(yī)生治眼睛。

2. I dare say my uncle will . I have no other relatives . 我認(rèn)為我叔父會(huì)得到這筆錢(qián)，我沒(méi)有其他的親戚。

〖明晰〗1)I dare say 的意思并不是“I dare to say”，而是和“也許”幾乎同義或者等于“我想”。

I dare say you're right . 我看大概是對(duì)的。

I dare say it will come later . 我想它以后會(huì)來(lái)的。

2)dare用作情態(tài)動(dòng)詞時(shí)，后接動(dòng)詞原形，主要用于疑問(wèn)句和否定句或者表示不肯定意義的各種從句中。例如：

Dare you ask him ? 你敢問(wèn)他嗎？

I dare not go there . 我不敢去那兒。

That is as much as I dare spend . 我只敢花那么多的錢(qián)。

3)dare作主動(dòng)詞時(shí)是規(guī)則動(dòng)詞，用法如下：

a)表示“敢”，后接動(dòng)詞不定式，也可省去to。例如：

I don't know how he dares to appear in public .

I've never dared go back to look . 我從來(lái)不敢回去看一下。

3. I think it will be necessary for me to pay you a visit and  see  where you live . 我想有必要去拜訪你，看看你住在什么地方。

〖明晰〗1)句中的it用作形式主語(yǔ)。例如：

Is it necessary for us to meet/necessary that we meet ?我們有見(jiàn)面嗎？

2)pay a visit (to someone or something)/pay (someone or something) a visit表示“（短時(shí)間）訪問(wèn)（某人，某物）”；“參觀（某物）”。例如：

Shall we pay your brother a visit this afternoon ?

4. Do you see that hole high up in the wall, about 18 cm by 9 ? 你看到墻壁上方那個(gè)大約18厘米寬，9厘米高的洞沒(méi)有？

〖明晰〗1)句中的high用作副詞，指的是高矮；而highly表示很高的程度（意思往往是 very much）。

The plane flew high above . 飛機(jī)高高地在上空飛。

An eagle circled high overhead . 一只鷹在頭上高高盤(pán)旋。

The goods on display are all very highly priced . 這些展銷貨物標(biāo)價(jià)都很高。

He speaks very highly of the boy's behaviour . 他十分贊賞孩子的行為。

2)about 18 cm by 9用作后置定語(yǔ)，修飾that hole，介詞by表示面積、 體積的長(zhǎng)、寬、高。例如：

The room measures fifteen feet by twenty feet . 房間寬十五英尺，長(zhǎng)二十英盡。

5. Dr Watson and I will spend the night locked in your room . 我和華生就鎖在你的房間里過(guò)夜。

〖明晰〗1)第一人稱單數(shù)I與其他人連稱用時(shí)，通常的詞序是，第二、三人稱代詞在前， 第一人稱代詞在后。例如：

You and I can do it . 我和你都能做這件事。

You, Tom and I are to leave tonight . 我、你和湯姆今晚得離開(kāi)。

2)句中的過(guò)去分詞locked用作方式狀語(yǔ)。例如：

Just then the old man entered (supported) by his son . 就在這時(shí)， 老人由兒子扶著走了進(jìn)來(lái)。

He turned away (disappointed) . 他失望地走開(kāi)了。

She went home (exhausted) . 她回到家時(shí)已精疲力盡了。

6. Immediately Holmes jumped up from the bed and struck a match . 福爾摩斯立即從床上跳起，劃燃一根火柴。

〖明晰〗The young lady rushed into the room immediately she heard the noise . 那位年輕的女士一聽(tīng)到響聲就沖入房間。

第一例句中的 immediately 用作副詞， 表示“立刻， 立即”； 第二例句中的immediately用作副詞，表示“一……就……”，類似的說(shuō)法還有instantly, directly, the moment, the minute, the instant等。例如：

I'll go there directly (=as soon as) I have finished my breakfast .

The moment I saw you I knew you were angry with me .

【妙文賞析】

    A teacher asked his students some challenging ( 難以回答的，具挑戰(zhàn)性的 ) questions to find the most intelligent ( 聰明的 ) students . His first question was:

     “ What can you get with one penny that can be used by the whole class for about an hour ?  ”

    After a while an answer came from a clever girl .

     “ I can get a candle . The whole class can be lit up ( 照亮 ) with its light .  ”

    The teacher praised the student for her smart answer before asking the second question .

     “ What can you get with one dollar which can be used by the whole class for a whole year ?  ”

    An answer came from monitor of the class .

     “ If we put a calendar ( 掛歷 ) on the wall , we can use it for a whole year .  ”

    After warm applause of admiration ( 羨慕的掌聲 )  , the teacher presented his third question:

     “ What can you get without paying anything that can be used for your whole life ?  ”

    This time there was no immediate response ( 答復(fù) )  .

     “ You get your name free of charge and you use it all your life .  ” Again the clever girl won applause from the whole class .

    Now came the teacher's last question:

     “ What can you get which can be used after your death ?  ”

    Immediately he saw his favorite student open her mouth .

     “ A coffin ( 棺材 )  , Sir .  ”

【思維體操】

根據(jù)短文內(nèi)容，在每個(gè)空白處填寫(xiě)一個(gè)適當(dāng)?shù)脑~（首字母已給出）：

    It was a cold evening . Old Hill was in the ward（牢房）a____(1) .   He was put there for stealing some v____(2) jewellery in a shop .  He  knew  he would be in p____(3) for more than five years . C____(4) was coming and  the other prisoners（囚犯）were set free . He couldn't talk with n____(5) .  The policemen who guarded（看守）him were b____( 6)   buying  the  presents  for their families and friends . He lay down on bed,   and  he  could  not  fall a____(7) though he often felt t____(8) when he tried to earn some money  for his family .

    Suddenly the old man h____(9) some noise . He sat up at once.  The  door o____(10) and in came two policeman. They put a young man  into  the  ward, l____(11) the door and left. Old Hill looked at the young man up and  down, who w____(12) the nicest clothes. “He must be from a r____(13)   family, ”O(jiān)ld Hill said to himself. “But for what has he been b____(14) here too ?”

    “What happened to you, young man ?”he asked .

    “I was out of l____(15) this morning,”said the young man.“I had a  puncture（扎穿）.”

    “It's an o____(16) accident, I think. Did you drive over a n____(17)?”

    “No, a wine bottle.”

    “You were too c____(18) ! But you haven't broken any l____(19) , in  my opinion.”

    “But the drunkard（醉漢）who was l____(20) in the street had it hidden  in his coat !”

答案與分析：

    Old Hill由于偷盜貴重的珠寶被關(guān)進(jìn)了監(jiān)獄。圣誕節(jié)快到了，牢房里只剩他一個(gè)人，他感到很寂寞。突然兩個(gè)警察把一個(gè)年輕人關(guān)進(jìn)了牢房。他打量那個(gè)衣著講究的年輕人，可以判斷他出身一個(gè)富有家庭。他問(wèn)年輕人是為何被關(guān)進(jìn)監(jiān)獄。年輕人說(shuō)他的汽車輪胎被酒瓶扎破了。Old Hill認(rèn)為那也不犯法。最后年輕人拐彎抹角地說(shuō)，那個(gè)酒瓶是在一個(gè)躺在街道上的醉漢的大衣里的（意思是他從醉漢身上碾了過(guò)去）。

    1. 從后面所講的別的囚犯都釋放來(lái)看，Old Hill一個(gè)人在牢房里，要填alone。2. 從上下文可以得知，Old Hill由于偷盜貴重的珠寶才被關(guān)進(jìn)監(jiān)獄的。因此，應(yīng)填valuable。3. Old Hill偷盜了貴重的珠寶，就得在監(jiān)獄里呆五年多。應(yīng)當(dāng)填prison。4. 從監(jiān)獄的看守買禮物來(lái)看，是圣誕節(jié)到了。故應(yīng)填Christmas。5. 另外幾個(gè)囚犯被釋放了，牢房里只剩Old Hill一個(gè)人，他也就無(wú)法和任何人說(shuō)話了。應(yīng)填nobody。6. 那些警察在圣誕節(jié)以前，忙于給親友買禮物。應(yīng)當(dāng)填busy。7. Old Hill感到寂寞，躺在床上也睡不著，要填asleep。8. Old Hill在掙錢(qián)養(yǎng)家的時(shí)候，自然很勞累。所以，應(yīng)當(dāng)填tired。9. 牢房有別的人，因此只要有動(dòng)靜，Old Hill就會(huì)聽(tīng)到的。應(yīng)填heard。10. 門(mén)開(kāi)了人才會(huì)進(jìn)來(lái)。故應(yīng)填opened。11. 警察在關(guān)進(jìn)囚犯之后，先鎖了門(mén)才能離開(kāi)。要填locked。12. 那個(gè)年輕人自然是穿著好衣服。應(yīng)填wore。13. 年輕人穿著講究，當(dāng)然是出身有錢(qián)人家庭。要直rich。14. Old Hill不知道那個(gè)年輕人為何也被帶到監(jiān)獄來(lái)。故應(yīng)填brought。15. 年輕人認(rèn)為他不走運(yùn)，才出了那件事。應(yīng)當(dāng)填luck。16. 汽車輪胎扎破并不是大事故，而是一件很普通的事情。因此，應(yīng)當(dāng)填寫(xiě)ordinary。 17. 一般情況下，汽車輪胎扎上釘子，才會(huì)被扎破的。要填nail。18. 年輕人說(shuō)他從一個(gè)酒瓶上駛過(guò)去，才把輪胎扎破了。Old Hill 就說(shuō)他太粗心了。要填careless。19. Old Hill認(rèn)為，年輕人從灑瓶上駛過(guò)去也不犯法，故應(yīng)填law。20. 從年輕人的回答可以看出，那個(gè)醉漢是躺在街道上的。實(shí)際上， 他的汽車從醉漢身上駛過(guò)去了。這也是他被帶到牢房的原因。要填lying。

三、智能顯示   

【心中有數(shù)】

單元語(yǔ)法發(fā)散思維

過(guò)去分詞作定語(yǔ)、狀語(yǔ)

〖思維〗一、過(guò)去分詞作定語(yǔ)

1.過(guò)去分詞作定語(yǔ)時(shí)，單個(gè)分詞一般放在名詞之前，分詞短語(yǔ)必須放在名詞之后，這種情況與現(xiàn)在分詞作定語(yǔ)時(shí)相同。例如：

Her job was to take care of the (wounded) soldier .

We are doing our (written) exercises .

The machine (run by the old worker) is made in Shanghai .

2.過(guò)去分詞作定語(yǔ)時(shí)，多表示已完成的動(dòng)作，但有時(shí)其所表示的動(dòng)作卻尚未完成或有待于將來(lái)完成。例如：

The houses (built in the 19th century) has been on fire for half and hour. （動(dòng)作完成）

the workers demand (increased) wage . （尚未完成）

3. 及物動(dòng)詞的過(guò)去分詞還可用來(lái)表示被動(dòng)， 但也有少數(shù)動(dòng)詞（如fall, escape, boil等）的過(guò)去分詞作定語(yǔ)時(shí)，只表示完成。例如：

the man spoken to（別人與之講話的那個(gè)人）

boiled water（開(kāi)過(guò)的水，表完成）

〖思維〗二、過(guò)去分詞作狀語(yǔ)

1.過(guò)去分詞可用來(lái)作時(shí)間、原因、條件、讓步、方式或伴隨情況的狀語(yǔ)。

1)表時(shí)間。例如：

(Heated), the metal expands .這種金屬加熱后會(huì)膨脹。

(Asked) why he did it, he said it was his duty .

2)表原因。例如：

(Born in the village), he knows a lot of people there .

3)表?xiàng)l件。例如：

(United), we stand; (divided), we fail .團(tuán)結(jié)則存，分裂則亡。

(Given more time), I can do it better .

4)表讓步。

Although (exhausted) after a long journey, he continued to work .

5)表方式或伴隨情況。例如：

The professor stood there (surrounded) by many students .

〖思維〗三、尤其需要注意的是：過(guò)去分詞無(wú)論作什么狀語(yǔ)，其邏輯主語(yǔ)應(yīng)是主句的主語(yǔ)。

1.【誤】Seen from the mountain, we found the building is very small .

【正】Seen from the mountain, the building is very small .

2.【誤】Written carelessly, he made a serious mistake in the letter .

 【正】Written carelessly, the letter had a serious mistake .

【動(dòng)腦動(dòng)手】

單元能力立體檢測(cè)

一、過(guò)去分詞精練

1. The programs ____ (put) on yesterday evening were really wonderful.

2. ____ (send) to the hospital immediately, the wounded soldier was saved.

3. You'd better not get the plastic bags and boxes ____ (burn),  for  it  will give off some harmful gas and pollutants into the air.

4. The firefighters are trying their best to rescue all the people ____ (trap) in the fire.

5. ____ (encourage) by the teacher's words, the boy  was  determined  to  work harder and make greater progress.

6. The little girl was very ____ (frighten) at a frightening voice.

7. They found the house ____ (break) into and rang up the police at once.

8. The bridge that was ____ (build) twenty years ago needs repairing.

9. If ____ (give) more time, we could do it better.

10. ____ (excite) at the good news, he could not go to sleep.

11. The manager had every room ____ (examine) carefully.

12. Unless ____ (invite), I won't go to the ball tomorrow.

13. ____ (destroy) in the earthquake, the equipment doesn't work.

14. ____ (absorb) in the research work, he had no time to make any trip.

15. In the paper is a carefully ____ (decide) policy.

16. The first film ____ (direct) by her was very popular with the public.

17. The students have cleared away the ____ (fall) leaves.

18. I saw a lot of banners ____ (hang) from public buildings.

二、單項(xiàng)填空

1. This dictionary is as good as ____ .

    A. neither    B. never    C. any     D. some

〖解析〗這本字典與任何一本字典一樣好，故選C。

2. The hospital is not ____ it was ten years ago .

    A. that       B. as       C. when    D. which

〖解析〗as在此引導(dǎo)表語(yǔ)從句，意為“像……的樣子／那樣”。如:   The  cottage  is just as it was in Shakespeare's time.這幢小屋恰好和莎士比亞時(shí)期的一樣。 正確答案為B。

3. The hungry farmer came down to eat the dishes ____ , not even wearing his shoes .

    A. after a short while   B. in a hurry   C. in that case    D. in the way

〖解析〗先看看四個(gè)介詞短語(yǔ)的意義，after a  short  while “過(guò)了一會(huì)兒”， in  a hurry“匆忙地，趕忙地”；in that case“若是那樣”；in this way“用這種方法”。再根據(jù)句中所提供的“the hungry farmer”，“not even wearing his shoes”。 正確答案為B。又如：She came down to breakfast in a hurry , not having brushed  her teeth .

4. To my ____ , the workers set up a carved figure in front of the building .

    A. pleasing    B. pleasure    C. please    D. pleasant

〖解析〗表示“使某人……的是”用“to one's＋情感的抽象名詞”，如to one's  joy/surprise使某人高興／驚奇的是，故正確答案為B。

5. Before ____ the medicine, ____ ought to study the instructions  or  follow a doctor's ____ .

    A. you take, you, advise        B. you take, one, advice

    C. taking, one, advice          D. taking, you, advise

〖解析〗從第三空前的doctor's可知第三空應(yīng)用名詞，不是動(dòng)詞，故先排除A、D。 若選B，那么從句與主句主語(yǔ)不一致。正確答案為C。

6. It's the third time that Kate has been ill, ____ ?

    A. isn't it    B. hasn't she    C. isn't she    D. hasn't it

〖解析〗陳述部分是主從復(fù)合句，變成附加疑問(wèn)句時(shí)，一般應(yīng)與主句的主語(yǔ)和謂語(yǔ)一致。that Kate has been ill是定語(yǔ)從句。it's是it is的縮寫(xiě)。故正確答案為A。不過(guò)，要提醒同學(xué)們注意的是：當(dāng)陳述部分的主句是I think, I believe, I guess等結(jié)構(gòu)時(shí)時(shí)， 附加疑問(wèn)句要與后面的從句主謂一致。此時(shí)， 還要特別注意否定轉(zhuǎn)移現(xiàn)象。 如：I  don't think he is right, is he ?

7. ―What ____ it be ?

― It ____ be a mail box, for it is moving . It ____ be a car .

    A. can, can't, must              B. can, can, must

    C. can, mustn't must             D. must, mustn't can

〖解析〗考查情態(tài)動(dòng)詞can, must的用法。must在表示“推測(cè)”時(shí)，只能用于肯定句中， 不能用于否定句中。can表推測(cè)時(shí)，可用于否定句和疑問(wèn)句中，故先排除C、D，從for  it is moving，可知第二空應(yīng)填can't（不可能），否則與第三空會(huì)自相矛盾。正確答案為A。

8. The fire ____ at 11 last night, but after the firefighters came, it ____ .

    A. was broken out, was died out  B. was broken out, died out

    C. broke out, was died out       D. broke out, died out

〖解析〗英語(yǔ)中有些動(dòng)詞或短語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞是不及物的，不能用于被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)，同學(xué)們要一一牢記。常見(jiàn)的有：happen, last（持續(xù)），appear, take place（發(fā)生），break out （爆發(fā)），die out（熄滅），belong to（屬于）。正確答案為D。

9. Whether or not it ____ tomorrow, we'll set out on time .

    A. rains    B. rained    C. will rain    D. should rain

    〖解析〗whether or not 意為“是否，無(wú)論是不是，不管”，在此引導(dǎo)讓步狀語(yǔ)從句，從句謂語(yǔ)應(yīng)用一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)代替一般將來(lái)時(shí)。如:Whether or not  it  rains, I  will give a party tomorrow.不管下雨不下雨，明天我都要舉行宴會(huì)。正確答案為A。

10. My friend John ____ while he ____ his bicycle and hurt himself .

    A. had fallen, rode      B. had fallen, was riding

    C. fell, was riding      D. fell, were riding

    〖解析〗分析句子結(jié)構(gòu)不難發(fā)現(xiàn)，第一空是和and hurt himself并列的，hurt在此時(shí)過(guò)去式，故第一空填fell。ride在while 引導(dǎo)的從句中表示進(jìn)行性動(dòng)作， John 就是在“was riding”中fell的。故正確答案為C。

11. I ____ her if I thought she would understand .

    A. would tell            B. will tell

    C. would have told       D. tell

    〖解析〗這是考查與現(xiàn)在事實(shí)相反的虛擬語(yǔ)氣。 條件從句用動(dòng)詞的過(guò)去式， 主句用would＋動(dòng)詞原形。該句相當(dāng)于：Because I don't think she  will  understand, I will not tell her .故選A。

12. The reason why she couldn't come to the meeting was ____ .

    A. because she had not been invited        B. which she had not been invited

    C. that she had not been invited                    D. because of her not having been invited

    〖解析〗主句是reason時(shí)，其表語(yǔ)從句通常不用because引導(dǎo)，而用that引導(dǎo)。先排除A、D。連接代詞which引導(dǎo)表語(yǔ)從句時(shí)，要在從句中擔(dān)任成分，因此選項(xiàng)B也不對(duì)， 正確答案非C莫屬了。

13. ____ others say, the professor is sure that his theory is correct .

    A. No matter    B. It doesn't matter    C. Whatever   D. What

    〖解析〗Whatever=no matter what 無(wú)論什么，whenever=no matter when 無(wú)論什么時(shí)候；however=no matter how無(wú)論怎樣，它們都可引導(dǎo)讓步狀語(yǔ)從句。如：Whatever (= No matter what) you do, don't keep him waiting !無(wú)論你做什么，都不要讓他久等！故選C。

【創(chuàng)新園地】

趣味句型變換

1. 不但學(xué)生們而且老師也都喜歡運(yùn)動(dòng)。

  Not only the students but also the teacher is fond of sport .

  The teacher____ ____ ____the students is fond of sport .

2. 除了物理之外，孩子們還學(xué)習(xí)數(shù)學(xué)。

    The children study maths besides physics .

    The children study____ ____physics ____maths .

3. 格林一家人總是對(duì)音樂(lè)感興趣。

    The Greens are always interested in music .

    Music always____the Greens .

4. 五位醫(yī)生和兩位護(hù)士組成一個(gè)醫(yī)療隊(duì)。

    Five doctors and two nurses make up a medical team .

    The medical team____ ____ ____ ____five doctors and two nurses .

5. 布朗先生擁有一幢新樓房。

    Mr Brown owns(擁有) a new building .

    The new building ____ Mr Brown .

6. 去年某個(gè)時(shí)候艾利斯嫁給了約翰。

    Alice married John sometime last year .

    John ____ ____ ____Alice sometime last year .

7. 他花了二十元買了一件夾克衫。

    He bought a jacket for twenty yuan .

    He ____twenty yuan____a jacket .

8. 她的叔你管理這所醫(yī)院。

    Her uncle is in charge of the hospital .

    The hospital is in____ ____ ____her uncle .

9. 湯姆的父親精通法語(yǔ)。

    Tom's father is familiar with French .

    French is ____ ____ Tom's father .

10. 上周他的朋友收到那封信。

    The letter reached his friend last week .

    His friend____ the letter last week .

答案：1. as well as  2. not only , but  3. interests  4. is made up of  5. belongs to  6. got married to  7. paid , for  8. in the charge of  9. familiar to  10. got / received