動詞不定式的基本用法:動詞不定式能起名詞.形容詞和副詞的作用.可在句中作主語.表語.賓語補(bǔ)足語.定語和狀語用.如: (1)作主語:To help each other is good.(動詞不定式作主語時.一般可用it作形式主語.而將作主語的動詞不定式置于句末.如:It is good to help each other. (2)作表語:My job is to drive them to the power station every day. 動詞不定式在系動詞be之后作表語.與表示將來時的be + 動詞不定式結(jié)構(gòu)有所區(qū)別.如:Our plan is to set up another middle school for the peasants’ children.我們的計劃是給農(nóng)民子弟再成立一所中學(xué).(句中的謂語動詞為is.動詞不定式to set up- 為表語.主語為plan.但plan并不是動詞不定式的邏輯主語.即動詞不定式 to set up所表示的動作不是主語plan產(chǎn)生的.)We are to set up another middle school for the peasants’ children.我們將為農(nóng)民的子弟再成立一所中學(xué).(句中的are to set up整個結(jié)構(gòu)為句中謂語.主語為we.同時也是動詞不定式to set up所表示的動作的邏輯主語.即動詞不定式to set up所表示的動作是由we產(chǎn)生的). (3)作賓語:①作及物動詞的賓語.如:She wishes to be a musician.,②作某些形容詞的賓語:可以有動詞不定式為賓語的形容詞一般有g(shù)lad, sorry, afraid, pleased, determined, willing, eager, anxious, ready, sure等.如:I am determined to give up smoking.,③動詞不定式一般不作介詞的賓語.但動詞不定式之前如有疑問詞時.就可作介詞的賓語.如:Can you give us some advice on what to do next? (4)作賓語補(bǔ)足語.如:Tell the children not to play on the street. 如果句中的謂語動詞為see, hear, watch, notice, have, make, let等.作賓語補(bǔ)足語的動詞不定式須將to省去.如:I saw a little girl run across the street. (5)動詞不定式在句中作賓語.如帶有賓語補(bǔ)足語時.須先用it作形式賓語.而將該動詞不定式后置.如:I don’t think it right to do it that way. (6)作定語:動詞不定式作定語時.須位于被其修飾的名詞或代詞之后.如:Is this the best way to help him? 和定語用的動詞不定式如果是不及物動詞.不定式后面就要用必要的介詞.如:He is the man to depend on. 如果被不定式修飾的名詞為place, time, way.不定式后面的介詞.習(xí)慣上可以省去.如:The old man is looking for a quiet place to live. (7)作狀語:動詞不定式可以作下列的狀語:①目的狀語: Every morning he gets up very early to read English. 為了強(qiáng)調(diào)不定式表示目的的作用.可在不定式前加in order to或so as to.但應(yīng)注意in order to位于句首或句中均可.而so as to不能位于句首.如:She reads China Daily every day in order to improve her English. 將表示目的的不定式置于句首.也可強(qiáng)調(diào)目的的作用.如:To master a foreign language, one must work hard at it. ②結(jié)果狀語:They lived to see the liberation of their home town.他們活到親眼見到了他們家鄉(xiāng)的解放.③too + 形容詞或副詞 + 動詞不定式.表示“足能- 的結(jié)果.如:You are old enough to take care of yourself now. 【查看更多】

 

題目列表(包括答案和解析)

判斷下面句中動詞不定式的功能：

Our main task is to realize peace of the whole world．

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判斷下面句中動詞不定式的功能：

He came here to borrow my bike．

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判斷下面句中動詞不定式的功能：

We are planning to build a factory here．

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判斷下面句中動詞不定式的功能：

Do you have anything else to add?

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請完成下表，掌握動詞不定式的時態(tài)和語態(tài)

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