6. observe vt. 觀察，遵守，慶祝
His neighhour observed a stranger go into his house.
他的鄰居注意到一個(gè)陌生人進(jìn)入他的房子。
They observed the star nying across the sky.
他們觀察到那顆星飛過天空。
They observed the old customs.
他們遵守古老的習(xí)俗。
[注意] 后面可接不定式或現(xiàn)在分詞，接不定式時(shí)不
帶to。
[考點(diǎn)2]observe的用法
▲ 構(gòu)詞：
① observation n. 觀察；評(píng)論
② observer n. 觀察者；評(píng)論者；遵守者
▲ 搭配：
① observe the speed limit 遵守速度限制
② observe an anniversary 慶祝周年紀(jì)念日
▲ 句型：observe sb do sth / observe sb doing sth
▲ 友情提示：該詞作“觀察”解時(shí)，后接省略to的不定式
或v-ing形式作補(bǔ)語。
[考例2]It's interesting to ____ the reaction of the
children to these changes.
A. look B. know
C. watch D. observe
[考查目標(biāo)] 動(dòng)詞的搭配關(guān)系及其在語境中的用法。
[答案與解析]D 根據(jù)語境應(yīng)為“仔細(xì)地、有目的地觀
察”孩子們對(duì)這些變化所做出的反應(yīng)。
[考點(diǎn)7]present 的用法
▲ 構(gòu)詞；presentation n. 呈現(xiàn)
▲ 搭配：
① at present 現(xiàn)在；目前；眼下；此刻
② at the present time 現(xiàn)在；目前；眼下
③ for the present 暫且；暫時(shí)
④ present the prizes 頒獎(jiǎng)
▲ 句型：present sb with sth = present sth to sb 贈(zèng)送某
人某物
[考例7](2002北京)All the people ____ at the
party were his supporters.
A. present B. thankful
C. interested D. important
[考查目標(biāo)] 形容詞在具體語境中的用法。
[答案與解析] A present作形容詞，意為“出席的、在
場(chǎng)的”時(shí)，要么作表語，要么作后置定語，本句意為“參
加聚會(huì)的人都是他的支持者”。
10. inform vt. 通知、告訴
常用的句型有：
(1) inform (sb.) that...
The nurse informed us that visiting hours were over.
護(hù)士告訴我們探視時(shí)間已經(jīng)結(jié)束．
(2) inform sb. of sth.
Please inform us of the hotel where we'll stay.
請(qǐng)告訴我們要住的旅館。
(3) keep sb. informed
If anything happens, please keep me informed.
如有事情發(fā)生，請(qǐng)讓我們知道。
[考點(diǎn)6]inform 的用法
▲ 構(gòu)詞：
① information n. 信息
② informed adj. 有知識(shí)的；了解情況的；明智的
③ well-informed adj. 消息靈通的
▲ 搭配：
① inform sb of / about sth 通知某人某事
② a piece of information 一條／則消息
③ information desk 問訊處
④ information gap 信息溝／差
⑤ information technology (縮寫為IT)信息技術(shù)
⑥ check information 核查資料
▲ 句型：
① inform sb that clause 通知某人……
② keep sb informed of sth 讓某人知道某事(被動(dòng)結(jié)構(gòu)
為：sb be kept informed of sth)
③ ask (sb) for information (on / about...) (向某人)打
聽(關(guān)于某事的)消息
④ give sb some information about / on... 給某人提供有
關(guān)……的消息
⑤ get / gain / obtain / receive information about... 獲
得……的消息
[考例6]The manager promised to keep me ____ of
how our business was going on.
A. to be informed B. on informing
C. informed D. informing
[考查目標(biāo)] inform 的用法。
[答案與解析]C “我”和 inform 之間存在動(dòng)賓關(guān)系，
“我”是被通知的對(duì)象，所以 inform 應(yīng)使用過去分詞形
式，在句中作賓補(bǔ)。
[考點(diǎn)3]match的用法
▲ 搭配：
① have a match 舉行／進(jìn)行一場(chǎng)比賽
② watch a match 看比賽
③ win / lose the...match 贏／輸……比賽
④ (be) no match for... 不是……的對(duì)手；敵不過……
▲ 辨析：fit；match suit
三詞都有“相配．適合”的意思，但fit表示“與……相符”
或“(衣服等尺寸、形狀、大小等方面) 適合”。還可作形
容詞，意為“稱職的、適于”；match“匹配”，常指在品質(zhì)、
顏色、設(shè)計(jì)、性質(zhì)等方面相配；suit常指顏色、花樣、款
式、時(shí)間、食物、口味、性格、條件、地位等合乎需要。例
如：
The coat fits me well. 這件上衣我穿著很合身。
That blouse doesn't match your skirt. 那件女襯衫與你
的裙子不相襯。
The color of the cloth suits a woman at my wife's age.
這布的顏色適合我妻子這樣年齡的婦女穿。
[考例3](2005江西9校聯(lián)考)
-- How is my coat?
-- I don't think the colors of the coat and hat ____.
A. match B. suit
C. fit D. agree
[考查目標(biāo)] 一組近義詞區(qū)別。
[答案與解析]A match表示“色調(diào)、形狀、性質(zhì)”等相
配；suit 多指“合乎要求、口味、性格、條件、地位”等；fit
8. fire
(1) 動(dòng)詞用法：v. 點(diǎn)火，開火，解雇
We had no idea who fired the house.
我們不知道誰放火燒了這座房子。
The officer ordered his men to fire at the enemy.
軍官命令士兵向敵人開槍。
The cook was fired for stealing things from the
kitchen.
廚師因?yàn)橥祻N房的東西而被解雇了。
(2) 名詞用法：火，火災(zāi)，燃燒，熱情(比喻說法)
They made a fire and sat around it.
他們升起一堆火并圍在一起坐著。
A fire broke out in old house last night.
昨晚這座老房子發(fā)生一場(chǎng)火災(zāi)。
[注意] fire作可數(shù)名詞時(shí)表示具體的“一堆火”或
“一場(chǎng)火災(zāi)”，作為物質(zhì)名詞為不可數(shù)，如：
Don't play with fire. 不要玩火。
與 fire 搭配的詞組常見的有：
catch fire 著火了(表動(dòng)作)
be on fire 著火了(表狀態(tài))
set sth. on fire 使某物開始燃燒
set fire to sth. 放火燒某物
be on fire for sth. 熱衷于做某事
3. engage vt. & vi. 訂婚，約定，從事于，保證，雇用，聘
請(qǐng)，電話占線，有事，有活動(dòng)(用過去分詞作表語)
[詞組] be engaged to sb. 與某人訂婚(表狀態(tài))
get engaged to sb. 與某人訂婚(表動(dòng)作)
engage sb. (oneself) to do sth. 讓某人干某事
be engaged in doing sth. = be busy doing sth. = be
busy with sth. = be up to sth. 忙于做某事
John is engaged to Mary.
約翰和瑪麗訂了婚。
Father engaged an experienced man to manage his
farm.
父親聘請(qǐng)了一個(gè)有經(jīng)驗(yàn)的人來管理農(nóng)場(chǎng)。
-- Can you come on Sunday? 你星期天能來嗎?
-- No, I'm engaged. 不能，我有事。
The line is engaged.
電話占線。
The company has engaged to finish the building by
May.
公司承諾保證在五月以前完成這棟樓。
5. disable vt. 使喪失能力
He was disabled in the war；he lost his left arm.
他在戰(zhàn)爭(zhēng)中殘廢了；他失去了左臂。
The disabled are to receive more money.
殘疾人應(yīng)該接受更多的捐助。
[考點(diǎn)8]effort的用法
▲ 搭配：
① make a good / great effort 做出很大努力
② make an effort 盡心；努力
③ make every effort 盡一切努力
▲ 句型：
① make a great / good effort (to do sth) ∥ make every
effort ∥ make great / good efforts
② Please make an effort to do sth 請(qǐng)勞駕干……
③ do sth with a great effort / great efforts 費(fèi)力干某事
④ do sth without effort (毫)不費(fèi)力地干某事
⑤ devote one's (great) efforts to doing sth
⑥ spare no effort(s) to do sth 不遺余力干某事；盡全力
干某事
[考例8](2000上海春招)The rescue team made every
____ to find the missing mountain climber.
A. force B. energy
C. effort D. possibility
[考查目標(biāo)] 名詞和動(dòng)詞的搭配關(guān)系。
[答案與解析]C make every effort to do sth 意為“竭
盡全力干某事”。
[考點(diǎn)5]elect的用法
▲ 構(gòu)詞：election n. 選舉
▲ 辨析：choose; elect; pick out; select
該組詞均表達(dá)“選擇”之意，但choose意為“選擇．挑
選”，多指以個(gè)人好惡為標(biāo)準(zhǔn)，側(cè)重于根據(jù)自己主觀印
象做出判斷。表示從兩者中選一個(gè)時(shí)，必須用choose。
elect意為“選舉，選擇”，指在眾多人中進(jìn)行挑選，強(qiáng)調(diào)
經(jīng)過深思熟慮后做出的選擇。pick out意為“選好，挑
出”。多用于有形的東西，指精心仔細(xì)地挑選，含有“挑
剔”的意思。select意為“選擇，挑選”。指從眾多東西
中，更加仔細(xì)、慎重、有比較地進(jìn)行挑選，其語義比
choose強(qiáng)。例如：
I leave it to you to choose between the two methods. 我
任你在這兩種方法之間做出選擇。
We elected him chairman. 我們選他當(dāng)主席。
Pick Out the stamps you like best, please. 請(qǐng)?zhí)舫瞿阕?/p>
喜歡的郵票。
The finest products were selected and sent to the exhi-
bition. 選擇了最好的產(chǎn)品送到展覽會(huì)去。
[考例5]We ____ him our team leader by a show of
hands.
A. selected B. chose
C. picked out D. elected
[考查目標(biāo)] 一組近義詞的區(qū)別。
[答案與解析]D “通過舉手表決的方式推選”當(dāng)然應(yīng)
使用elect。
2. debate n. & v. 辯論，爭(zhēng)辯，參加辯論；討論，考慮
(如何較好)
They were debating about a foolish question.
他們正在爭(zhēng)論一個(gè)愚蠢的問題。
They debated the question in whispers.
他們小聲辯論了這個(gè)問題。
After a long debate, they finally reached an agreement.
經(jīng)過長(zhǎng)時(shí)間辯論后，他們終于達(dá)成一致協(xié)議。
The subject was hotly debated.
這個(gè)主題經(jīng)過激烈的辯論。
We were debating where we should go for our holiday.
我們正在討論去哪里度假。
[提示] debate多作可數(shù)名詞，有時(shí)也作不可數(shù)名詞。
After much debate, we decided to move to Oxford.
我們經(jīng)過充分討論決定遷往牛津。
12. Maybe it would be better to choose...
☆詞匯短語☆
[考點(diǎn)9]complete 的用法
▲ 辨析：accomplish；complete；finish
三詞均意為“完成”，但所接名詞不同。accomplish一般
后接“任務(wù)、使命、目標(biāo)、航程”或其他抽象名詞。com-
plete意為“完成，完結(jié)”，多指完成一項(xiàng)指派的任務(wù)或把
未完成的事情完全結(jié)束，強(qiáng)調(diào)整個(gè)的全過程，后所接的
名詞往往更具體些，如“建筑物、工程、書籍”等。finish
意為“結(jié)束”，多指著手進(jìn)行的事或所作的動(dòng)作完成，尤
指完成工作的最后一步，后面可接名詞或動(dòng)名詞，如
“用完、吃完”等。complete a book寫完一本書，finish a
book讀完或?qū)懲暌槐緯＠纾?/p>
One more week，and we'll accomplish the task. 再給我
們一周，我們就能完成這項(xiàng)任務(wù)。
When the building has been completed, it will look im-
pressive. 這座建筑物完成后一定會(huì)很宏偉。
Have you finished typing that letter? 你把那封信打好
了沒有?
[考例9](2004廣東) ____ the programme, they
have to stay there for another two weeks.
A. Not completing
B. Not completed
C. Not having completed
D. Having not completed
[考查目標(biāo)] 非謂語動(dòng)詞及其時(shí)態(tài)。
[答案與解析] C 非謂語動(dòng)詞的否定形式是在其前加
not。故排除D項(xiàng)，主語they執(zhí)行非謂語動(dòng)詞所表示的
動(dòng)作，故可排除B項(xiàng)，根據(jù)句子的意思，“沒有完成計(jì)
劃”的動(dòng)作應(yīng)發(fā)生在have to say動(dòng)作之前，故應(yīng)使用現(xiàn)
在分詞的完成體。
[考點(diǎn)4]curious的用法
▲ 構(gòu)詞：
① curiously adv. 好奇地
② curiosity n. 好奇心；求知欲
▲ 搭配：
① be curious about 對(duì)……(感到)好奇；很想知道……
② curiously (enough) 說來(足夠)奇怪
▲ 句型：
① be curious to do sth 急于千某事；渴望干某事
② It's curious that... 真奇怪……
[考例4](1998上海) Don't be too ____ about
things you are not supposed to know.
A. strange B. amusing
C. curious D. conscious
[考查目標(biāo)] 形容詞在語境中的用法。
[答案與解析]C be curious about表示“對(duì)某事好奇”。
11. What's your opinkm?
10. I would rather...
9. There is no doubt that...